What is a computer network?
A computer network is a collection of interconnected devices, such as computers, servers, routers, switches, and other networking hardware, that are linked together to facilitate communication and the sharing of resources. It allows computers and devices to exchange data and information with each other, whether they are located in the same room or across the globe. Here are key aspects and components of a computer network:
Nodes:
Nodes are the devices connected to the network. They can be computers, servers, printers, switches, routers, or any other device capable of sending, receiving, or forwarding data.
Links:
Links refer to the physical or wireless connections between the nodes in a network. These connections can be wired (e.g., Ethernet cables) or wireless (e.g., Wi-Fi or Bluetooth).
Protocols:
Network protocols are rules and conventions that govern how data is transmitted, received, and interpreted between devices in a network. Examples include TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol), Ethernet, Wi-Fi, HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), and DNS (Domain Name System).
Topology:
Network topology refers to the physical or logical arrangement of the nodes and links in a network. Common topologies include bus, star, ring, mesh, and hybrid, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.
LAN (Local Area Network):
A LAN is a network that covers a small geographical area, such as a home, office building, or campus. It allows devices in close proximity to communicate and share resources efficiently.
WAN (Wide Area Network):
A WAN is a network that spans a larger geographical area, often connecting multiple LANs or remote locations. The internet itself is considered a vast WAN.
Network Devices:
Network devices include routers, switches, hubs, modems, and access points. They facilitate data transmission, provide connectivity, and manage the flow of network traffic.
Network Security:
Network security involves implementing measures to protect the network and its resources from unauthorized access, data breaches, and malicious activities. This includes firewalls, encryption, authentication mechanisms, intrusion detection systems, and other security protocols.
Network Services:
Network services are applications or services provided by the network infrastructure to enhance functionality and user experience. Examples include file sharing, printing, email, web hosting, video conferencing, and remote access.
Internet:
The internet is a global network of interconnected networks. It allows users worldwide to access and share information, communicate, and utilize various online services.
